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| Infra
Red Thermograhpy... |
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Overheating
of an electrical connection on an HV distribution system found
using FLIR Systems ThermaCAM Thermal Imaging Camera (inset bottom
right).Upon
subsequent inspection, corrosion between the joint faces was
found, causing an increased connection resistance and resulting
in overheating. |
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Modern
infrared thermography equipment allows accurate and detailed
periodic inspection of electrical distribution equipment without
the need for expensive and inconvenient shutdowns.
Traditional
methods of inspection require isolation of the plant &
equipment to be tested, labour intensive physical checking
and close visual inspection of connections, terminals &
joints. In many cases the connection or item being tested
has to be dismantled for inspection, for example the main
contacts of a circuit breaker. Risk of equipment damage increases
and it is undesirable to strip down equipment that is operating
satisfactorily.
Often
access is impossible without causing damage to equipment ,
i.e. a sealed cable joint and in these cases traditional testing
methods are not practical. Results are prone to error, difficult
to quantify and document.
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| Advantages... |
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Plant
& equipment does not require shutdown & isolation
for inspection |
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Non
invasive inspection method results in increased personnel
safety |
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Eliminates
the risk of equipment damage during the inspection process
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Vastly
reduced inspection time and cost allowing more comprehensive
testing |
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Invisible
and inaccessible equipment can be easily tested |
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Documented
results using commonly available desktop PC software |
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| Principles... |
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Failure
of electrical distribution systems and equipment is generally
preceded by a local temperature rise in the area of the fault.
Temperature rise may be due to equipment failure and overload
or heating effects due to high resistance electrical connections.
Typical problems include... |
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Corrosion
of connections & terminals |
| Loose
electrical connections, terminals & fixings |
| Damaged
contacts on switches & circuit protection devices |
| Circuit
or equipment overload |
| Conductor
failure |
| Equipment
failure |
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Infrared
Thermography provides a high definition temperature profile
of the test area presented to the user as a visible colour
photograph. The temperature profile of the test area, relative
to the surrounding area is represented by a colour gradient
from black (coolest) to white (hottest) and exact absolute
temperatures can be measured at any point within the image.
The infrared images captured by the camera can be directly
printed or stored digitally on a removable flash memory card
for later transfer to a PC. Images can then be imported into
most wordprocessors and spreadsheet packages or other software
for preparation of high quality reports.
Faults
are easily visible on the Infrared image as a "hot spot"
relative to the rest of the test area and frequent inspection
and documentation will allow early detection of abnormal temperature
rise. Immediate remedial work can then be carried out to prevent
later catastrophic failure and the high costs associated with
unscheduled shutdown or plant outage.
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| Report
Format... |
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completion of testing, a comprehensive report is prepared which
includes a description of the equipment, faults located and
suggested remedies. Each fault is illustrated with a conventional
photograph alongside the respective infrared image so that the
exact fault location is easily identified by service personnel.
Reports can be provided in hard copy or electronic format. |
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