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Infra Red Thermograhpy...
 
Thermal Image Overheating of an electrical connection on an HV distribution system found using FLIR Systems ThermaCAM Thermal Imaging Camera (inset bottom right).Upon subsequent inspection, corrosion between the joint faces was found, causing an increased connection resistance and resulting in overheating.
 

Modern infrared thermography equipment allows accurate and detailed periodic inspection of electrical distribution equipment without the need for expensive and inconvenient shutdowns.

Traditional methods of inspection require isolation of the plant & equipment to be tested, labour intensive physical checking and close visual inspection of connections, terminals & joints. In many cases the connection or item being tested has to be dismantled for inspection, for example the main contacts of a circuit breaker. Risk of equipment damage increases and it is undesirable to strip down equipment that is operating satisfactorily.

Often access is impossible without causing damage to equipment , i.e. a sealed cable joint and in these cases traditional testing methods are not practical. Results are prone to error, difficult to quantify and document.

 
Advantages...
 
     
  Tick Plant & equipment does not require shutdown & isolation for inspection
  Tick Non invasive inspection method results in increased personnel safety
  Tick Eliminates the risk of equipment damage during the inspection process
  Tick Vastly reduced inspection time and cost allowing more comprehensive testing
  Tick Invisible and inaccessible equipment can be easily tested
  Tick Documented results using commonly available desktop PC software
 
Principles...
 
Failure of electrical distribution systems and equipment is generally preceded by a local temperature rise in the area of the fault. Temperature rise may be due to equipment failure and overload or heating effects due to high resistance electrical connections.
Typical problems include...
 
 
  Exclamation Corrosion of connections & terminals
Loose electrical connections, terminals & fixings
Damaged contacts on switches & circuit protection devices
Circuit or equipment overload
Conductor failure
Equipment failure
 

Infrared Thermography provides a high definition temperature profile of the test area presented to the user as a visible colour photograph. The temperature profile of the test area, relative to the surrounding area is represented by a colour gradient from black (coolest) to white (hottest) and exact absolute temperatures can be measured at any point within the image. The infrared images captured by the camera can be directly printed or stored digitally on a removable flash memory card for later transfer to a PC. Images can then be imported into most wordprocessors and spreadsheet packages or other software for preparation of high quality reports.

Faults are easily visible on the Infrared image as a "hot spot" relative to the rest of the test area and frequent inspection and documentation will allow early detection of abnormal temperature rise. Immediate remedial work can then be carried out to prevent later catastrophic failure and the high costs associated with unscheduled shutdown or plant outage.

 
Report Format...
 
Upon completion of testing, a comprehensive report is prepared which includes a description of the equipment, faults located and suggested remedies. Each fault is illustrated with a conventional photograph alongside the respective infrared image so that the exact fault location is easily identified by service personnel. Reports can be provided in hard copy or electronic format.  
 
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Lloyds Register QA   Achilles   Institute of Measurement & Control      
               
International Marine Contractors Association
  First Point   National Inspection Council for Electrical Contractors    
 
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